IVF
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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a complex and potentially life-changing fertility treatment that involves fertilizing an egg with sperm outside the body (in a laboratory dish) and then transferring the resulting embryo (fertilized egg) into the woman's uterus to increase the chances of pregnancy.
• Medical assessments: Both partners undergo medical and fertility evaluations to identify any potential issues affecting conception.
• Ovarian stimulation: The woman undergoes hormone therapy to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the usual one released monthly.
• Egg retrieval: Eggs are retrieved from the ovaries using a transvaginal ultrasound-guided needle aspiration procedure.
• Sperm collection: Sperm is collected from the male partner, either through ejaculation or surgical methods in certain cases.
• Fertilization: Sperm and eggs are combined in a laboratory dish, where fertilization occurs.
• Embryo culture: Fertilized eggs develop into embryos in the laboratory for several days.
• Embryo selection: One or two embryos are typically chosen for transfer based on their quality and developmental stage.
• Embryo transfer:
• Uterine preparation: The woman's uterine lining is prepared to receive the embryo through hormone therapy.
• Transfer procedure: The chosen embryos are gently transferred into the woman's uterus through a thin catheter inserted through the cervix.
• Pregnancy confirmation: A pregnancy test is done a few weeks after the embryo transfer to confirm if implantation has occurred.
• Prenatal care: Women who conceive through IVF receive standard prenatal care throughout their pregnancy.
• Can effectively treat a variety of fertility issues in both men and women.
• Offers hope for pregnancy to individuals and couples who might not conceive naturally.
• Allows for genetic testing of embryos in some cases to identify potential genetic conditions.
• IVF is a complex and expensive process with no guarantee of success.
• It can be physically and emotionally demanding for both partners.
• Multiple cycles may be required in some cases.
• Ethical and legal considerations regarding embryo donation and surrogacy may apply.